Bone densitometry, also known as DEXA or DXA scan, is a non-invasive test that measures bone mineral density (BMD). It is commonly used to diagnose osteoporosis and assess an individual's risk for fractures. The scan is fast, painless, and uses very low doses of X-rays to detect bone loss early.
Bone Densitometry
Overview
- Bone densitometry uses dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) to measure bone strength.
- Commonly scans the hip, spine, and sometimes the forearm.
- Helps detect osteoporosis, osteopenia, and monitor bone changes over time.
- Recommended for postmenopausal women, men over 70, or anyone with risk factors for bone loss.
Symptoms of Low Bone Density
- Frequent fractures from minor falls or injuries
- Loss of height over time
- Stooped or hunched posture (kyphosis)
- Back or bone pain, especially after lifting or twisting
- No symptoms at all until a fracture occurs (silent disease)
Treatment and Management
- Calcium and vitamin D supplements
- Prescription medications like bisphosphonates or hormone therapy
- Regular weight-bearing and muscle-strengthening exercises
- Lifestyle changes – avoid smoking and excessive alcohol
- Follow-up DEXA scans every 1–2 years to monitor progress