Mandibular reconstruction is a surgical procedure used to restore the structure and function of the mandible (lower jaw) after trauma, tumor removal, or congenital deformities. The goal is to restore both the form of the jaw and its function, particularly related to speech, chewing, and facial appearance.
Mandibular Reconstruction
Overview and Symptoms
Overview and Symptoms
Mandibular reconstruction is typically performed after:
- Trauma or fractures of the lower jaw.
- Resection of tumors, such as those caused by oral cancer.
- Congenital malformations or deformities of the jaw.
Symptoms that may prompt mandibular reconstruction include:
- Difficulty with chewing or speaking due to jaw deformity.
- Facial asymmetry caused by a missing or deformed mandible.
- Jaw pain, particularly following trauma or surgery.
- Inability to properly close the mouth or discomfort when doing so.
Treatment
The treatment for mandibular reconstruction may involve several surgical techniques:
- Bone grafting, where bone from another part of the body or from a donor is used to reconstruct the jaw.
- Metal plates and screws to stabilize the jawbone during the healing process.
- Flap surgery, where soft tissue from other parts of the body is used to reconstruct the jaw.
- Prosthetics, such as jaw implants, may be used in some cases to replace lost bone.
Post-surgery, patients may need physical therapy to regain full functionality of the jaw and ensure proper alignment. A combination of medical management, including antibiotics to prevent infection and pain control, is also a key part of recovery.