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ABI

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About ABI

Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI) is a simple, non-invasive diagnostic test used to compare blood pressure in the ankle and arm to assess blood flow and detect peripheral artery disease (PAD)

Overview

  • Detects peripheral artery disease (PAD)

  • Assesses risk of poor circulation in legs

  • Useful in diabetic and high-risk cardiac patients

  • Helps evaluate leg pain during walking (claudication)

  • Assists in monitoring vascular treatment outcomes

Workflow

Step 1: Patient Positioning
Patient lies in a relaxed, supine position.

Step 2: Blood Pressure Measurement (Arm)
Blood pressure cuff is placed on the arm and readings are taken.

Step 3: Blood Pressure Measurement (Ankle)
Cuff is placed on the ankle; Doppler device measures arterial pressure.

Step 4: Ratio Calculation
Ankle pressure is divided by arm pressure to calculate ABI.

Step 5: Interpretation
Values are analyzed to determine normal or reduced blood flow.

Step 6: Reporting
Results are documented and explained to the patient.

Benefits & Value

For Patients

  • Early detection of circulation problems

  • Painless and quick screening test

  • Helps prevent serious complications like ulcers or amputation

For Caregivers & Families

  • Identifies vascular risks early

  • Supports preventive care and lifestyle modification

  • Reduces complications from untreated PAD

For the Community

  • Promotes awareness of vascular health

  • Reduces incidence of limb-related complications

  • Supports preventive screening programs

Risks & Challenges

  • • No significant risks (completely safe procedure)
  • • Accuracy may vary in patients with calcified arteries (e.g., diabetes)
  • • Requires proper technique for reliable results

Frequently Asked Questions

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